Estimated federal income tax
$9,2327.7% effective federal income tax rateIncome Tax Calculator
Estimate federal income tax, W-4 withholding, take-home pay, marginal tax bracket, effective tax rate, and planning savings with a free online income tax…
Free Calculator
Income Tax Calculator
Estimate federal income tax, W-4 withholding, take-home pay, marginal brackets, and tax-planning savings using the selected tax year.
Federal estimate onlyThis calculator models ordinary federal income tax, FICA, and simplified self-employment tax. State tax, AMT, capital gains rates, NIIT, phaseouts, and many credits are not modeled.
Low effective federal rateYour estimated federal income tax effective rate is 7.7%. Your marginal bracket is 12%, so deductions and pre-tax contributions reduce tax at that marginal rate.
Take-home after modeled taxes
$101,588$8,466/mo after income tax, FICA, and SE taxGross income$120,000
Adjusted gross income$110,000
Taxable income$80,800
Deduction used$29,200
Marginal bracket12%
Effective income tax rate7.7%
FICA$9,180
Self-employment tax—
Federal tax bracket breakdown
| Bracket | Taxable income in bracket | Estimated tax | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10% | $23,200 | $2,320 | |
| 12% | $57,600 | $6,912 | Current bracket |
Tax reduction scenarios
If you max 401(k) room$1,560 saved
If you add $5,000 to HSA$600 saved
If income is $10,000 higher$1,200 more tax
If income is $10,000 lower$1,200 less tax
Itemizing compared with standard deductionNo modeled benefit
Formula
How federal income tax is estimated
The calculator estimates taxable income by subtracting selected pre-tax contributions and deductions from gross income, then applies the selected year's progressive federal tax brackets.
Taxable income = AGI − deduction used
Federal income tax = progressive bracket tax − credits
Withholding
How W-4 withholding is estimated
The withholding tab compares projected annual withholding against the estimated annual tax bill to show whether you may receive a refund or owe when filing.
Projected outcome = total withholding − estimated tax bill
Break-even withholding = tax still needed ÷ remaining pay periods
Use cases
When to use this income tax calculator
Use it to estimate federal income tax, compare standard and itemized deductions, review paycheck withholding, and model common tax-planning scenarios before filing.
Estimate federal income tax from wages, self-employment income, and other income
Use the estimate for planning only, then confirm filing decisions, credits, state taxes, and deductions with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
Compare standard deduction and itemized deduction scenarios
Use the estimate for planning only, then confirm filing decisions, credits, state taxes, and deductions with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
Review marginal bracket, effective rate, FICA, and take-home pay
Use the estimate for planning only, then confirm filing decisions, credits, state taxes, and deductions with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
Check W-4 withholding and estimate refund or amount owed
Use the estimate for planning only, then confirm filing decisions, credits, state taxes, and deductions with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
Estimate extra withholding needed to move closer to break-even
Use the estimate for planning only, then confirm filing decisions, credits, state taxes, and deductions with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
Model tax-planning savings from 401(k), IRA, HSA, deductions, and losses
Use the estimate for planning only, then confirm filing decisions, credits, state taxes, and deductions with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
Calculator details
Income Tax Calculator formula, assumptions, and examples
Last updated: July 2026
Formula used
Formula used
Estimated tax = taxable income × applicable tax brackets, minus credits and adjustments entered.
Assumptions
Assumptions
- Only the income, deductions, credits, and filing details entered are included.
- Tax brackets, credits, and rules can change.
- State, local, payroll, and special taxes may require separate calculations.
Example calculation
Example calculation
If taxable income falls across multiple brackets, each bracket portion is taxed at its own rate and added together.
When to use this calculator
When to use this calculator
Use it for a quick tax estimate before planning withholding, invoices, savings, or business payments.
Disclaimer
Disclaimer
This calculator is for estimation only and does not replace advice from a qualified tax professional or official tax authority guidance.
Questions
Frequently Asked Questions
What does this income tax calculator estimate?
It estimates federal income tax, taxable income, marginal tax bracket, effective tax rate, FICA, simplified self-employment tax, take-home pay, W-4 withholding outcome, and planning savings from common deductions.
Does this calculator include state income tax?
No. The calculator focuses on federal estimates. State tax, local tax, AMT, capital gains rates, Net Investment Income Tax, phaseouts, and many credits are not fully modeled.
What is the difference between marginal and effective tax rate?
The marginal rate is the rate applied to the next dollar of taxable income. The effective rate is the average rate across income after deductions, credits, and progressive tax brackets.
Can this calculator replace tax advice?
No. It is for educational planning only. Confirm filing decisions, credits, deductions, withholding, and tax strategy with official tax guidance or a qualified tax professional.
